【イギリス】ソムリエ試験・ワインエキスパート試験過去問・練習問題

【イギリス】ソムリエ試験・ワインエキスパート試験過去問・練習問題

イギリスはもともと19世紀以前から南部の一部地域でワイン用ブドウ栽培がおこなわれていましたが、冷涼すぎる上に元々ビールドリンカーの大衆文化が根強く、ワインの生産はわずか微量にとどまっていました。

そして20世紀にはいって世界大戦の中心国となると戦時特有の禁欲的な雰囲気によってワイン造りは途絶え、これが戦後に復活した経緯があります。

風向きが変わり始めたのが2000年代ころで、温暖化とともにブドウ栽培そのものを見直し、シャンパーニュと同様の品種を用いて本格的な瓶内二次発酵方式のスパークリングワインを造り始め、これが奏功し、現在に至っています。

 

もともとイギリスはワイン生産はしないぶん、各国のワインを楽しむ文化があり、品評する能力に長け、ワインの各生産国からは代のお得意様だったのです。

その経験をもとにマーケットに合ったワインづくりをし直し、その結果毎年2割を超える増産をするほどの急激な成長を遂げるワイン市場に成長したのです。

 

ただし一方で、ソムリエ試験、ワインエキスパート試験では出題については毎年1~2問程度のひとがおおく、決して重要生産国とは言えません。

ワイン界においては存在感を増し、フランチャコルタやカヴァとともにシャンパーニュに迫る勢いではありますが、学習対象としては限定的ととらえていいでしょう。

 

 

さて、以下がソムリエ、ワインエキスパート試験のボリュームゾーンの難易度の過去問と解説です。

 

年度別に過去問は随時追加の予定です。

 

本格的な学習に入る前に、事前に全体の難易度と傾向を押さえておきましょう。

 

WBSのソムリエ試験、ワインエキスパート試験対策講座はこちら→

 

ソムリエ試験・ワインエキスパート試験全体の勉強方法はこちら→

 

*クリックで回答と解説を表示!を押下すると回答と解説が表示されます。

過去問全般の取り組み方はこちらをご参考ください→

 

【こちらの過去問もご参考ください】

 

【イギリス】ソムリエ試験・ワインエキスパート試験過去問・練習問題

【問題1】総論

英国で生産される種類別ワインのうち、スパークリングワインが占める割合を1つ選んでください。

①36%

②52%

③64%

④76%

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

③の64%が正解です。

英国ではスパークリングワインの品質向上と生産量が増加しています。

特にイングランド南部のスパークリングワインで、シャンパーニュの栽培・醸造テクニックや機材を踏襲して造られるものは、冷涼な気候と相まってシャンパーニュに近いスタイルで国際的な評価を得ています。

 

【問題2】栽培面積の広い地域

2020年の統計で、Englandにおいて最もブドウ栽培面積が広い州を1つ選んでください。

①Kent

②West Sussex

③Hampshire

④Surry

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

①のKent(ケント)が正解です。

ドーバー海峡に面している州で気候は温暖です。

果樹やホップの栽培が盛んな地域で、「イングランドの庭園」と呼ばれています。

オルテガやバッカスなどの品種から造られる白が多い地域ですが、ピノノワール、ピノムニエ、シャルドネで造るスパークリングワインの品質が高まっています。

 

【問題3】ブドウ品種

英国で栽培面積1位のブドウ品種を1つ選んでください。

①Pinot Noir

②Chardonnay

③Meunier

④Bacchus

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

①のPinot Noirが正解です。

ピノノワールは西暦2000年前後から栽培面積が急増したブドウ品種です。

同様に、シャルドネ、ピノムニエも増加しています。

増加の理由としては気候温暖化、南向き斜面にある日照に恵まれた畑の増加、そしてシャンパーニュスタイルのスパークリングワイン生産が盛んになったことが挙げられます。

 

【問題4】ワイン用語

輸入ブドウや濃縮果汁などを原料にして英国で造られる酒類をなんと呼ぶか、1つ選んでください。

①English Wine

②British Wine

③Welsh Wine

④Sussex Wine

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

②のBritish Wineが正解です。

一般的に価格・品質とも水準は低いです。

伝統的に多かったのは残糖分やアルコール度数が高めで「ブリティッシュ・シェリー」と呼ばれるスタイルですが、近年は辛口に仕上げてスーパーマーケットなどで安売りされるものも増えました。

ブリティッシュ・ワインを、英国産ブドウのみ使用したワインと混同しないようにしましょう。

 

【問題5】産業

英国について正しいものを1つ選んでください。

①GDPの大半は農業である。

②フンボルト海流の影響を受けて、英国南部は比較的温和な海洋性温帯気候である。

③イングランド南部にシャンパーニュとよく似た地層が見られることがある。

④1700年初頭、フランスからのワイン輸入関税を引き下げたため、輸入が増えた。

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

③が正解です。

イギリスでシャンパーニュ的なワインを作ることができるのはこの地層によるところも大きいといわれています。

①は「農業」→「金融などのサービス産業」、②は「フンボルト海流」→「メキシコ湾流(北大西洋海流)」、④は「フランス」→「ポルトガル」とすると正しい記述となります

 

【問題6】歴史上の人物

BC1C頃に英国にワインを持ち込んだとされている人を1つ選んでください。

①ヘンリー2世

②ベルガエ人

③ヨハン・ジョン・シラー

④古代ギリシャ人

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

②のベルガエ人が正解です。

紀元前1世紀頃にワインを好むベルガエ人(現在のベルギー周辺の人々)が英国南東部に進出して、ワインを持ち込んだとされています。

尚、③のヨハン・ジョン・シラーはカナダで最初にワイン造りを始めた人物と言われています。

 

【問題7】ワインの行政機関

英国でのブドウ栽培とワイン製造について規制を施行する政府機関を何というか、1つ選んでください。

①食品基準庁

②ワイン関連団体

③環境・食糧・農村地域省

④国際貿易省

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

①の食品基準省が正解です。

 

【問題8】ワイン用語

英国における地理的表示保護の名称を1つ選んでください。

①P.G.I.

②A.O.C.

③P.D.O

④D.O.

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

①のP.G.I.(Protected Geographical Indication)が正解です。

イギリスでは原産地呼称保護はP.D.O(Protected Designation of Origin)となります。

 

【問題9】単独所有畑

2015年にEnglandとWales以外で初のカテゴリーとしてP.D.O.に登録された単独所有畑を1つ選んでください。

①Hampshire

②Darnibole

③Sussex

④Brighton

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

②のDarnibole(ダーニボール)が正解です。

イングランドのコーンウォール州に位置するキャメル・ヴァレー・ヴィンヤードが単独所有する、面積5haの畑がDaeniboleです。

 

【問題10】Darnibole Wine

Darnibole Wineにおいて使用ブドウ品種を1つ選んでください。

①Pinot Noir

②Chardonnay

③Meunier

④Bacchus

 

クリックで回答と解説を表示!

④のBacchus(バッカス)が正解です。

Darnibole WineはDaeniboleという畑で栽培されたバッカス種のブドウのみを使用して造られる辛口白のスティルワインです。


 

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